Suturing technique for esophagogastric and gastroenteroanastomosis during operations on the esophagus and stomach

Abstract

Relevance: Esophageal cancer is in 4th place, and gastric cancer is in 3rd place in terms of cancer incidence in the West Kazakhstan region (WKR). In 2019-2021, an average of 80-120 patients had identified annually, of which 40-50 patients underwent surgical treatment.
The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed improved method of suturing the anastomosis and enhancing the results of surgery
by reducing postoperative complications in the form of anastomosis failure and reducing the time of the intra-operative period.
Methods: In 2019-2021, 150 operations on the esophagus and stomach were performed in the Regional Oncological Dispensary of the West
Kazakhstan Region (Uralsk, Kazakhstan) in the amount of Lewis operation – 76, Garlock operation – 29, extended gastrectomy – 45. According to the method of M.I. Davydov, the standard technique of suturing includes four stages and involves the imposition of 16 stitches. In the proposed version, an improved technique consisting of 3 steps is used without forming the second row of anterior lip anastomosis sutures. The results were evaluated according to the following criteria: a) the number of cases of anastomosis failure compared to the standard procedure;
b) the duration of the intraoperative period.
Results: Using an improved technique for applying esophagogastric and esophago-intestinal anastomosis has reduced the number of postoperative complications. So, from 2019-2021, postoperative complications decreased from 8.1% to 3.9%.
Conclusion: The effectiveness and practicality of the proposed technique of applying esophagogastric and esophago-intestinal anastomosis during operations in patients with diseases of the esophagus and stomach have been proven.