Ovarian cancer incidence and mortality in the city of Almaty, 2014-2023

Abstract

Relevance: According to the National Сancer Registry of Kazakhstan, the incidence of ovarian cancer in Almaty in 2023 was 18.3 per 100,000 women, and the mortality rate was 3.9 per 100,000 women. The overall survival rate for ovarian cancer (OC) in Almaty in 2023 was 53.7%. Currently, Almaty is among the regions with a high incidence of cancer and mortality.

The study aimed to assess changes in the incidence and mortality of OC among residents of Almaty and the five-year survival of patients with OC in 2014-2023.

Methods: The changes in the structure and dynamics of morbidity and mortality from OC in Almaty over ten years (2014-2023) were analyzed based on the official accounting and reporting documentation. Statistical information processing was carried out using the SPSS software version 23.0.

Results: In 2014-2023, the incidence rate increased from 14.2 to 18.3 per 100,000 women, while the mortality rate remained consistently low, at 3.9 per 100,000 women in 2023. In 2014, 127 cases of ovarian cancer were detected, of which 44.8% were at stages I and II of the disease. In 2023, 228 cases of ovarian cancer were registered, with stages I and II accounting for 52.2%.

The frequency of new cases has significantly increased in recent years, starting at 50-54 years old and peaking at 55-59 years old. The highest incidence of OC shifted from 50-54 years old in 2014 to 55-59 years old in 2023.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated significant advancements in diagnosing and treating ovarian cancer in Almaty, including reduced mortality rates and a higher proportion of early detections. However, further improvements in diagnostic methods, enhancing oncological awareness among primary care physicians, and increasing the average life expectancy of Almaty residents remain key priorities.