A rare retroperitoneal soft tissue neoplasm in a 27-year-old female: a clinical case

Abstract

Relevance: Myopericytoma is a soft tissue tumor characterized by the proliferation of myopericytes. The tumor originates from myoid cells localized in the skin and soft tissues. Usually, this tumor is benign, but in rare cases, it can be malignant. Myopericytoma is a rare neoplasm, so specific data on its prevalence around the world are limited. The article presents a clinical case of retroperitoneal myopericytoma and a review of the cases described in the literature to analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics. Accurate data on the global prevalence of myopericytoma are not available due to the rarity of the disease and the difficulties of diagnosis. Thus, the study of myopericytoma has significant relevance, as it contributes to a better understanding and management of this rare soft tissue tumor and improves patients’ quality of life.

The study aimed to describe a clinical case of retroperitoneal soft tissue myopericytoma in a 27-year-old patient.

Methods: The authors present a clinical case of retroperitoneal soft tissue myopericytoma. The descriptions of the other 50 clinical cases of myopericytoma were found in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, eLibrary, CyberLeninka, and Google Scholar electronic databases, including the results of clinical examination, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathological examination of biopsy material.

Results: A 27-year-old girl went to the clinic complaining of pressure pains in the lower abdomen. A formation in the retroperitoneal space was revealed after a comprehensive examination, including CT and MRI. Further, soft tissue biopsies of the retroperitoneal space were performed, and the diagnosis of myopericytoma was confirmed. The patient was successfully surgically removed from the tumor.

Conclusion: Myopericytomas, although classified as benign tumors, pose a serious problem due to their tendency to relapse. Despite their slow growth, they can reach significant sizes and grow into surrounding structures and organs. Consequently, the experience and skill of surgeons play an important role in the vastness of surgical intervention for radical tumor removal, which is important for the patient’s prognosis and quality of life. Radical surgical treatment for myopericytoma is especially important because it allows the complete removal of the neoplasm and minimizes the risk of recurrence, thereby improving long-term results and reducing the need for additional therapeutic interventions.